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Why do almost all vertebrates have tails, but not apes and frogs?

Last Updated: 21.06.2025 00:34

Why do almost all vertebrates have tails, but not apes and frogs?

And of course, frogs have a perfectly normal and prominent chordate post-anal tail as juveniles.

Vertebrates are chordates and all chordates have, as part of the defining body plan of the phylum, a post anal tail.

And apes and frogs are no exception. Both still have the lost anal tail. It is just shortened and entirely hidden inside the adult body. But you can still see it in their skeletons.

To a flat Earther, what's wrong with the idea that gravity is simply a force inherent to space which operates only in one dimension? Why do they go further and try to deny gravity rather than just saying it's different than physicists claim?